Thursday, November 28, 2019

Balancing Culture and Growth at Starbucks Essay Sample free essay sample

Starbucks. which is one of the most good known companies that succeeded in distributing its trade name across the Earth created its ain cosy environment and maximized gross revenues due to its apprehension of the organisational civilization and its possible growing. The instance survey explores how Howard Schultz created civilization of the organisation based on the values of the company and sharing common intents within the employees of ego regard. ego regard. and grasp. Culture of Starbucks supported its scheme because he maintained a manner of life that was based on the end of making. The civilization of Starbucks supports its scheme by constructing a strong organisational civilization of keeping employees’ long-run behaviour and set uping a manner of life within its organisational values. In add-on. Schultz reflected the clear end of Starbucks by making a partnership between both the employees and the clients which finally increased profitableness within the organisation a nd subsequently. We will write a custom essay sample on Balancing Culture and Growth at Starbucks Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page maintained the intent of Starbuck by developing a scheme that is good planned and managed. Furthermore. the instance demonstrates how rapid growing is non ever to the benefit of the company ; as it undermined Starbucks’s civilization due to rush and service. Doing so. it accordingly led to a technological alteration within the organisational civilization that diminished Starbucks’ relaxed coz environment. However. for Starbucks to keep its civilization while accomplishing desirable degrees of growing ; Schultz will hold to make a balance between keeping the traditional manner of doing java and at the same clip to present little technological alterations that would intern keep Starbuck’s civilization. Furthermore. conveying in developing plans that would assist the employees to pass on with one another and with the clients to supply a superior client service in order well-build and continue the civilization. Taking into history making so. this would assist to increase growing and better Starbucks in order to prolong outstanding public presentation. Personality as classified in footings of a psychologist is a aggregation of both a quite lasting and stable traits. We could qualify a individual as advanced. affectionate. and smart ; making so. we are telling personality traits. An organisation has a personality excessively. which is so called the â€Å"Organizational Culture. † Organizational Culture is defined as â€Å"the common and shared values and premises that help determine employee behaviour and are typically passed down from current to future employees† ( Spector. 2010. p. 166 ) . A company’s or organisational employees are the 1s who are responsible of making the organisational civilization that consists of their values and contributed behaviours. For illustration. holding a cup of java every forenoon before traveling to work has become an adaptative wont of a norm within the civilization in the universe of concern within the American concern civilization. Associating this illustration to the instance survey on Starbucks ; Schultz was able to keep a specific system of corporate significance within the organisation that establishes how employees act and how it’s a topographic point for the clients to experience like they belong ( parag. 7 ) . Harmonizing to Spector. he mentioned that profitable companies are due to their back uping systems within the organisations and how good an adaptative environment can be sustained that would finally take to high degree of public presentation ( 165 ) . Schultz created a back uping system of passion and committedness to Starbucks. its employees and clients and was able to prolong this cosy clime throughout the full organisation. Harmonizing to Spector. values are â€Å"the held beliefs refering such cardinal forms as the nature of people and relationships. the comparative importance of multiple stakeholders. orientations toward clip and infinite. the regulation of work in one’s life. a nd the rightness and public-service corporation and control mechanism† ( p. 167 ) . Certain values reflect the end and the intent of Starbucks as interrelated set of values become a major facet within an organisation. and subsequently. those shared values come to organize forms of behaviour. The shared values of Starbucks that have been determined by its employees are cardinal and indispensable to its civilization and growing. Harmonizing to the Case survey. â€Å"Balancing Culture and Growth at Starbucks† Schultz insisted that â€Å"We’re profitable because of the value system of our company† ( parag. 7 ) . Some of the most elements that were included in Schultz adaptative civilization were valuing multiple stockholders. valuing the developmental potency of employees. valuing outstanding public presentation. and valuing employees’ engagement. All of the above supports version and ease the nidation of alterations as portion of Starbucks cardinal values. Schultz was able to value multiple stockholders due to paying attending to both the clients and the employees as finally Starbucks strive to execute good financially over clip. Furthermore. his leading was to actuate his employees through ego regard. grasp. and self regard as this identifies va luing the development potency of employees. That’s why the employees were working as a household which finally led to run intoing Schultz outlooks. Therefore. he was a theory Y director that beliefs to back up his employees and they would larn more if they carry duty and become independent. He besides believed that creativeness is of import for coming up with solutions to the jobs that the organisation faced. To farther back up our statement. Schultz stated to â€Å"Push for invention and do the things necessary to one time once more differentiate Starbucks from all others† ( 183 ) . Schultz didn’t expression for modest public presentation sweetenings ; nevertheless he looked for accomplishing and keeping outstanding consequences. Schultz was able to put Starbucks chief ends which included growing while keeping the civilization of the organisation. In add-on ; Schultz said. â€Å"Now that I have provided you with a list of some of the underlying issues that I believe we need to work out. allow me state at the beginning that we have all been portion of these decisions† ( 183 ) . This demonstrates that he was able to increase engagement of employees in the organisational determination devising by heightening motive to accomplish outstanding ends. Schu ltz carried all the ego regard. ego regard. and grasp towards the full employees of Starbuck and that’s why they didn’t resist any alteration within the organisation including technological alteration. behavioural alteration. and most of import alteration which is growing. This shows that the behaviour of the employees and their norms of how the employees are ought to act positively affected the public presentation of the company. Furthermore. Schultz was able to develop long-run adaptative behaviours and succeeded at associating those behaviours to occupation public presentation by actuating the staff which led to competitory advantage. In add-on. Schultz focused on a chief end within his organisation which was keeping good partnership between its employees and its clients. In add-on. he created a cosy environment within Starbucks which so is called the â€Å"Third Place† where clients can bask a cup of java while reading a book or hearing to music. This demonstrates a comfort zone for people to loosen up. to experience comfort and safe. Therefore. Starbucks’ subject was to equilibrate between place which is considered as the first topographic point for people. and work which is the 2nd topographic point. and Starbucks as a â€Å"Third Place† Having a clear end and associating this end to the behaviour of the employees succeeded at back uping the scheme and clearly identified the organisational civilization. A strategic program is defined as. â€Å"Plans that are organization-wide. set up overall aims. and place an organisation in term of its environment† ( Robbins A ; DeCenzo. p. 76 ) . Harmonizing to Schultz. he based the overall intent on his passion and committedness to Starbucks and its employees. and maintained the environment based on Starbucks’ civilization. His first measure of the scheme was to convey together professional experient employees from assorted successful well-known organisations which were PepsiCo. Dell and Wal-Mart and associate them to Starbucks. Later. Schultz wanted to increase gross revenues. achieve high degrees of growing. and spread out globally while keeping the civilization. He was capable of making so based on the end of making a partnership between both the employees and the clients which finally led to increased profitableness within the organisation. and besides helped to keep the civilization within Starbucks. From our apprehension ; after we have researched assorted articles about rapid growing. we have come up to the fact that rapid growing may take to profitableness if it was carefully planned and the scheme used expedi tiously. When a good known concern theoretical account is being used in an organisation and all the appropriate resources have been used efficaciously this would finally take to competitory advantage that would steer a manner to bring forthing employment and income. Furthermore. rapid growing could profit an organisation by increasing its capital that may include the assets and the overall wealth of a company would assist to accomplish economic systems of graduated table and hence maintain the flow of money. Due to the competition raised in the market. rapid growing may besides take to diverseness in the civilizations where companies operate. If a company wants to accomplish the maximal benefit from rapid growing. it would so necessitate to take the internal and the external factors into consideration as this would be capable of keeping harmoniousness among the assorted factors. Although rapid growing can be advantageous to an organisation. nevertheless. it wouldn’t be risk free. because when a company grows excessively rapidly it may so convey short and long term trials that would negatively sabotage a company’s public presentation. This would besides intend that it would impact the organisational concern theoretical account. its civilization. and employees’ behaviour. One of the important short term elements that are affected by rapid growing is the fiscal state of affairss of the company that would finally weaken the organisational civilization because of its instability among the stakeholders. For illustration. if demand increases quickly than long tally production which would so make high lifting rising prices this could finally destabilise organisations because it may do failure of fight for domestic and international organisations. In add-on. another factor that would inevitability undermine that civilization is the environment ; harmonizing to the instance survey that would do noise pollution. Harmonizing to â€Å"Balancing Culture and Growth at Starbucks† . espresso machines were used that diluted the unagitated environment of the what so called the â€Å"Third Place† due to the fast growing of production and ingestion that created negative outwardnesss such as addition in noise pollution. Harmonizing to Donald. he believed that there was a tenseness growing that finally affected Starbucks’ civilization which affected Starbucks’ success as this illustrates that rapid growing undermined Starbucks’ civilization and its cosy environment . Schultz quoted. â€Å"Over the past 10 old ages. in order to accomplish the growing. development. and scale necessary to turn from less than 1. 000 shops to 13. 000 shops and beyond. we have had to do series of determinations that. in retrospect. hold led to the irrigating down of the Starbucks’ experience. and. what some might name the commoditization of our brand† ( p. 181 ) . This refers to the fact that turning quickly from one little Starbucks to holding shops about everyplace in the universe affected Starbucks’s civilization and its experience negatively. In add-on. this rapid growing commoditized Starbucks civilization and made it in some manner similar to other trade names in the market. In order to turn. Schultz used engineering to assist him accomplish his fist end which was turning globally. Espresso machines was one of the facets that was used to supply a good service that was able to salvage clip and had the ability to work out one of the major jobs in footings of velocity and service which led to efficiency. However although holding this technological alteration of the usage of the Espresso machines ; it besides had a downsizing side that affected Starbucks civilization and its environment. Harmonizing to the instance survey. Schultz stated that Starbucks has become a concatenation shop instead than a â€Å"Third Place† where the clients are used to loosen up and bask a cup of java which wasn’t what Schultz chief aim. Due to the usage of the automatic espresso machines that were over sized. the clients weren’t even able to visualise how the java is being made. Therefore it negatively undermined the ambiance of Starbucks as people stopped sing it a romantic topographic point because of the Marzocca machines. Furthermore. Starbucks lost the aroma of the java beans as they were all compressed and packed in fresh roasted bags alternatively. they lost the touch of lift outing the java fresh from the containers and crunching it right in forepart of the clients which gave the semblance of holding the warm cosy environment. They designed Starbucks in a manner that helped the organisation and the fiscal section to make efficiencies of graduated table in order to maximise net incomes. Due to the assorted engineerings that were used in Starbucks ; they no longer have the norm that was developed and in return. many people supported and accepted the java heritage. Starbucks environment that was characterized by its java seen. its loosen uping zone. and the aroma of the topographic point wholly started to decrease because of the rapid growing of enginee rings. Schultz took specific stairss to keep the civilization within Starbucks while accomplishing desirable degrees of growing. His first measure was shuting one hundred shops in order to extinguish the enlargement that negatively affected the civilization. Furthermore. he reduced the gross revenues of the sandwiches because the odor of the sandwiches was stronger than the odor of the java and therefore it diminished the civilization within Starbucks. Schultz most theatrical measure was when he closed down all of Starbucks’ shops about three hours that were devoted for employee preparation which included new attacks to better gustatory sensation and texture and to develop new client experience. Better their services. the merchandises that they’re offering and develop the client experience. Schultz wrote a missive in 2007 to his employees saying that. â€Å"it’s the challenge of change by reversaling the commoditization of the experience. It is non hard to cipher the losingss and compute the costs of the significant addition in debt. but what one can non calculate is the dilution of the civilization and the bond among the company. its employees and its customers† ( Hess. 2010. p. 147 ) . Harmonizing to Schultz missive. it is clear that rapid growing undermined Starbucks’ civilization due to the struggle of involvements since he wanted to turn internationally while keeping the domestic little environmental Starbucks’ civilization in Seattle. In order to keep the civilization within Starbucks while accomplishing desirable degrees of growing. we recommend Schultz need to blend between the traditional ways of fixing java and delivery in appropriate engineering. Doing so. this will enable clients to visualise see how the java is being made and to smell the aroma of the beans of java and at the same clip usage desirable sum of automatic espresso machines. As a consequence. when equilibrating between both traditions and engineering it would enable Starbucks to salvage clip and attempt due to the limited machines used and would still keep the original cosy relaxed environment. This would subsequently take to increased growing. and gross revenues as Schultz can maintain at equilibrium Starbucks’ romantic civilization and at the same clip utilizing appropriate engineering that wouldn’t decrease its environment. Furthermore. if any jobs arises such as the interrupting down and the disfunction of the technological espresso machines. Starbucks will ever hold its original easy traditional manner of doing java. In add-on. Schultz will necessitate to supply the machines with particular care where it’s on a regular basis checked and monitored in order to maintain those machines in good form and keep its high quality. Another measure that might assist Schultz in maintaining Starbucks civilization while accomplishing growing is supplying the employees with farther particular preparation plans. Such plans can fit the staff with appropriate and dedicated accomplishments needed to prolong the values of Starbucks. its beliefs. and psychological science. When developing preparation session for the employees. the organisation would hold more stabilized committed strong employees who are dependable due to the apprehension and intent of the preparation and how it can be reflected to bettering their behaviour. In add-on. holding preparation plans would assist in maintaining the norms and the values that Starbucks employees have ever believed in and pull off the manner in which employees interact with the stakeholders including the clients. shareholders. suppliers†¦ . etc. Such preparation plans would let the employees to be more cognizant of Starbucks’ civilization and would supply guidelines on how to keep and confirm the company atmosphere while spread outing and turning. Supplying good client services and being able to efficaciously and expeditiously pass on with the clients in a good manned manner are some of the facets of Starbucks’ civilization. For this ground. Starbucks growing and its success are dependent on the personalities of the employees. We believe on the fact that Schultz should concentrate on enrolling friendly employees who have got good personalities and cognize how to pass on with clients. Therefore. direction could give employees specific personality trial to find whether or non the staff at Starbucks are friendly and societal or they’re aggressive and angry. Starbucks’ clients have ever enjoyed good client service ; as a consequence. holding employees with such superior communicating accomplishments a nd varied cognition would assist continue the civilization. keep current clients. and would farther ease in order to pull more possible clients which would finally take to an addition in growing. Mention Hess. E. H. ( 2010 ) . Smart growing: edifice an enduring concern by pull offing the hazards of growing [ Vol. 22. pp. 147 ] . ( Reader version ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //books. Google. com/books? id=FeHTIjD-N8YC A ; pg=PA147 A ; lpg=PA147 A ; dq=advantages+of+rapid+growth+on+Starbucks+culture A ; source=bl A ; ots=Fciu9hy7o0 A ; sig=RXwWdy7pOmEcp78m30dBid_AgtA A ; hl=en A ; ei=hBr5TMrfOMLTrQfH6Ky7Cw A ; sa=X A ; oi=book_result A ; ct=result A ; resnum=5 A ; ved=0CCcQ6AEwBA # v=onepage Miller. K. ( 2009 ) . Organizational communicating attacks and procedures. USA. Wadsworth printing company. Myers. David G. ( 2008 ) . Social Psychology. ( 9th ed. ) . New York: McGraw Hill Robbins. S. P. Judge. T. A ( 2009 ) . Necessities of Organizational Behavior. Person Hall. Robbins. S. . A ; DeCenzo. D. ( 2008 ) . Fundamentalss of Management: Essential Concepts ad Application. ( 6th ed. ) . Jew Jersey: Pearson Education. Spector. B. ( 2010 ) . Implementing org anisational alteration. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Monday, November 25, 2019

One Flew Over the Cuckoo essays

One Flew Over the Cuckoo essays Milos Formans One Flew Over the Cockoos Nest is based on Keseys best selling novel. Its allegorical theme is set in an authentic mental hospital, a state hospital in Oregon. One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest represents a place of resistance exhibited by a lively, eccentric anti-hero against the hospital he is placed in and authority that runs it. Jack Nicholson plays McMurphy, the heroic rebel who lives freely or would rather not live at all. This films message is dramatizing the rebellion against society and the true rights of the American people. Nurse Ratched plays the head of society refusing to conform to someone below her, in the case of the film, McMurphy. The Movie begins with a car's headlights move across the screen as the credits role. A nurse, we later learn to be Nurse Ratched arrives at the locked, barred entry way to a state mental hospital where patients, nurses, and orderlies were going about the distribution of medication. Pills were being dispensed from the Nurses' Station, a large booth with sliding glass panels. An energetic, comedic, and somewhat of a rebellious patient Randel Patrick McMurphy, know as Mac to the patients, is escorted into the ward where he meets some of these unusual people. A silent giant with Native American descent who goes by the nickname Chief is deaf and dumb with had a father blinded after many years of alcoholism. A stuttering, paranoid thirty-year old child trapped in a mans body, Billy Bibbit. This shy individual is deathly afraid of his mother. An always rationalizing, intelligent Dale Harding who is relatively sane but unable to get over his wife's betrayal and adultery. He also gives the audience a feeling that he might be homosexual and is not willing to admit it to himself much less others. An insecure, neurotic Charlie Cheswick who lacking self-confidence. An immature, always looking for attention M...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

How White Mountain Apache people think about their lives and the Essay

How White Mountain Apache people think about their lives and the landscape in which they are located - Essay Example It also captures comparative elements between the Apache, Hopi and the Shoshone people. The understanding of the native practices and the shared norms of a community enables individuals to build strong units of engagements. Communities that seek to protect their identity are under obligation to understand their past practices to shape their decisions on various issues â€Å"Basso, 1†. This explains the need for the Apache people who had strong beliefs on social and cultural to know their place of origin, prehistoric events and the significance of their â€Å"cultural landscape†. The Apache people who are believed to have originated from India are located within a radius of twenty miles in the western part of the state. They are individuals with strong cultural and social practices that define their lifestyle â€Å"Simpson, 1†. Their historical background that is comparable to Shoshone and Hopi people depicts them as hard workers, determined and â€Å"place making,† individuals who successfully fought for their rights. They exhibit positive thoughts about their lives and the landscape in which they reside as â€Å"a place world† that means their territory. They stated, â€Å"We are part of the land, the rivers, the trees and all† â€Å"Simpson, 1†. The community members depict themselves as hard workers and good fighters for their rights. This is due to severe prehistoric atrocities that they were exposed to by the assimilation rulers in the US. Despite the hostilities that made them to â€Å"suffer severe economic and political disruptions†, they fought back as a cohesive unit until they claimed their present landscape that is rich in resources. Their lives to date have changed tremendously due to the economic benefits they receive from the landscape â€Å"Basso, 2†. They also hold positive thoughts about their landscape that is referred as â€Å"a cultural

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Ethical Issues Concerning Marketing Departments of Major Global Essay - 1

Ethical Issues Concerning Marketing Departments of Major Global Corporations - Essay Example The paper tells that interests in the ethical issues that pertain to international business have grown enormously due to the complexity of the global business environment of the 21st century. Ethical issues for corporations are very important, especially in the age of the internet as information is accessible to everyone. Marketing activities usually pose significant ethical issues in business such as price discrimination and unfair pricing, miscellaneous unfair competitive practices, dishonest advertising, price collusion with competitors, exploiting social paradigms, establishing guilt, post-purchase dissonance, insufficient expertise and cutting corners. Ethical dilemma, otherwise called moral dilemma, are situations in which there are two alternatives whereupon choice is to be made between them, however neither the option has the capacity to resolve the situation in a morally or ethically acceptable manner because the individual and societal ethical or moral guidelines are not ab le to provide a satisfactory result or outcome for the chooser. A circumstance is viewed or regarded as a moral dilemma on the off chance that it fulfills the accompanying three conditions. The first basic condition obliges that an individual must make a decision about the best course of action. Also, there must be different courses of action for the chooser to select from. Finally, there should be no perfect solution so that regardless of the course of action taken; at least one ethical principle is compromised. Therefore, the chooser is subjected to an intricate circumstance that involves an apparent mental conflict between moral imperatives and complying with one option results in transgressing the other.

Monday, November 18, 2019

Plutarch - Fall of the Roman Republic Research Paper

Plutarch - Fall of the Roman Republic - Research Paper Example Despite the person based accounts, which to an extent seem like a mere collection of biographies, Plutarch provides a detail discussion on the underlying forces and factors that undermined and eventually ended the Roman Republic. Plutarch discusses historical figures not as mere personages of history but as prime movers of events. Plutarch’s style in which discussions of historical events are pegged on the lives of individuals has influenced historical references up to today. An example is the analysis of the Agricultural Crisis in Rome where â€Å"Hannibal’s invasion had destroyed farms and farmland.†3 At the center of the Agricultural Crisis were the Gracchus4 Brothers, â€Å"Tiberius Gracchus elected tribune in 133 B. C. promised to help the farmers. He called for taking of public land and distributing it among the landless farmers.†5 This clearly contains Plutarch’s style wherein individual persons are at the center of major events most especially events that precipitated to the decline and eventual end of the Roman Republic. Moreover, analysis of the period of decline up to the end of the Roman Republic centers on the personas of the individuals that were identified to being so influential and powerful that their personality, life and ideas forged the destiny of Rome. â€Å"The disintegration of the Roman Republic is the first example in European history of the collapse of a constitutional system. One school of thought contends that individual generals and would be dictators like Julius Caesar and Pompey destroyed the traditional political system of Rome through ruthless ambition. According to this view, the Commanders of the Roman army, acting like feuding Mafia dons, turned their armies inward upon the Constitutional system.† 6 From another source, â€Å"Julius Caesar's adoptive son, Octavian, became, like Augustus, the first  emperor of Rome. According to modern ways of looking at things, this or the assassination of Julius Caesar on the Ides of March 44 B.C. marked the official end of the Republic of Rome.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Reflecting On Swot Analysis Two Student Nurse Interviews Nursing Essay

Reflecting On Swot Analysis Two Student Nurse Interviews Nursing Essay you know you have got to lift the bar a little, because you are no longer a carer or a nursing assistant, your actual on your way up to being a nurse, obviously you have got to set an exampleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (from student F.) Incident: I was struck by Fs reflection on her own change in identity and awareness of internal drive to meet a standard. She was obviously struggling with this change process and aware of feeling vulnerable. I was surprised by her sharing this with me as she was a first year student nurse and this is a level of maturity in self awareness and reflection I might expect from a more senior student nurse or even from a newly qualified staff nurse. F. had spoken at the start of interview about trying to find her feet and perhaps feeling sensitive about things. I responded with active listening through the rest of the interview and with an effective summary question/ statement towards the end that allowed F. to talk about moving on to her next placement. F. was voicing the possibility of having a different outlook towards a new experience; almost as if she was recognising the beginnings of long process of change in becoming a professional nurse. Reflective observation: In my SWOT analysis of both interviews I conducted, I saw this as the obvious opportunity for a learning moment, both for F. herself and also for myself as an aspiring future mentor. My thought during the interview was that this was a precious moment for F in becoming a nurse; and did wonder how I should respond to her verbalisation of her thoughts and feelings. When I constructed the analysis this part stood out for me again as being a chance for myself to learn, perhaps how to become more effective as a mentor. My thoughts were how to cherish and help this kind of reflection in students in the future. I also wondered how rare these kind of conversations happened during nursing training. F. reflections that she shared with me, reminded me of my own training and how some staff nurses and charge nurses had stood out for me in the process of myself acquiring the identity as a nurse. There was a protective element here in that I wondered how F.s current reflective state could be nurtured and developed in her future placements. I wondered if she was aware herself of this change process and whether she would voice this in future with her mentors and tutors. It might be possible for F. and similar students to ignore and keep quiet about vulnerabilities and internalise this change process. If mentors were open to listening and gently questioning about becoming a nurse then this might facilitate growth and awareness of the nursing identity. I considered how it might be difficult to record this type of reflection in the CAP booklet, even though the booklet explicitly encourages the use of reflection. A mentor would have to develop excellent reflective skills in order to facilitate these skills in students, and perhaps become sensitive to these opportunities for reflection arising early in the programme of nursing education. A possibility for mentors would be to use the mid and end placement meetings with students. So that as well as assessing competencies and professional role development; there could be a place to gently discuss and reflect on identity as a nurse. As well as this it might be possible for students to keep a reflective diary during placement and regularly meet with the mentor to discuss issues as they arose. There might be some reluctance for both mentor and student to explore these areas as this is very much about personal identity and occurs during a period of learning and developing in many different aspects as a nurse. Reflection might well be different for a very experienced and skilled staff nurse who is confident in their own capabilities and skills. Related Theory: Some elements of theory relating to developing as a reflective practitioner within modern nursing will be analysed in the following section. The path to becoming a nurse, can involve sharing feelings and asking for support and finding ways to handle emotions (Jarvis and Gibson, 2001). There can be an inherent vulnerability during the process of socialisation where the values and attitudes, that allow the nurse to function in his or her role within the health care system, are in a state of flux and change (Morton-Cooper and Palmer, 2000). The mentor ideally should create a warm, genuine supportive relationship based on trust and sound interpersonal skills (Jarvis and Gibson, 2001). This must be fundamental to facilitating reflection upon personal and professional identity as a nurse. Gardiner (2003) introduces the idea of professional friendship to the role of being a mentor where listening, giving of recognition and challenging are added to the friend type relationship. Some barriers to facilitating reflection on attitudes and self awareness can lie in the multi faceted role of the mentor. The mentor role is flexible and may have to cover a number of parts and elements; some of which may be contradictory. Two possibly opposing roles are informal teacher and guide and also assessor of professional competence especially with a student that is struggling or failing. So it may be difficult to add to this list that of confidant and counsellor in the broadest sense (Jarvis and Gibson, 2001). The traditional concept of being professional could hinder openness for student nurses. There is a traditional view of keeping a professional distance and restraint in health care which may not encourage the expression of feelings and vulnerabilities for student nurses. However, Morton-Cooper and Palmer (2000) argue there is some growing evidence of the importance of developing emotional work as a critical element to caring, where this is described as emotional literacy, or perhaps in plain English terms as being able to express feelings appropriately, safely and effectively. Jarvis and Gibson (2001) discuss the teacher- learner relationship as being hierarchical and the teacher having authority versus creating an inclusive, informal teaching relationship that encourages open reflection and critical thinking. There may be some difficulty for the student to reflect and be vulnerable and open about their changing identity where there is a strict authoritarian relationship (Jarvis and Gibson, 2001). However, the nurse can develop authority based on professionalism and skills and knowledge that is legitimised by colleagues and students. This also relates to the element of mentorship in being a positive role model for student nurse (Jarvis and Gibson, 2001). Morton-Cooper and Palmer (2000) state the idea of the adult learner who directs their own learning and is in a process of becoming rather than being shaped into a role. There are some ways to facilitate reflective practice and awareness. Donovan (2007) suggests using a formal reflective tool and a diary can be useful. Reflective discussion with peers and mentors also can be helpful. Trust is an important element in making reflection effective in clinical placement. Levett-Jones (2007) suggests the idea of using narratives in self assessment. Case study or narratives may be more suitable to exploring practice, assessing competencies and skills. However, this could be a starting point in developing reflective skills and a language of emotional literacy. The value of narrative could lie in allowing direction by the mentor for the beginning nurse while being flexible during nursing education. There is also the value of providing a personal and persistent record for assessment and evaluation (Levett-Jones, 2007). Some of difficulties have been examined that there may arise in developing as a reflective practitioner and how a mentor may help. There has been a short consideration of some of the possible tools such as diaries and narratives which may help in the learning process. Future Action: To be a more effective mentor, I would consider using a formal reflective tool such as Marks-Maran and Rose (1997) while mentoring students. This will be familiar to student nurses as it is used in the University of Dundee and in NHS Fife. I would try and use it more explicitly during planned learning programmes. Further I would consider some strategies to encourage reflective discussion amongst students. Some ideas might be planned case studies involving one or more students. A structured and open discussion with a student about attitudes and professional roles may be useful at mid and end placement, although I would be tempted to arrange this after assessment and filling in competencies in the CAP booklet. I t would probably be ideal to have this at separate time as students appear to be anxious about completing their booklets. Lastly, I may trial the use of narrative and or diaries to help with assessment of learning to see if this can promote reflection by students I will be working with.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Psychology As Storytelling Essay -- essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Storytelling has been with us since the days of campfire and besieging wild animals. It served a number of important functions: amelioration of fears, communication of vital information (regarding survival tactics and the characteristics of animals, for instance), the satisfaction of a sense of order (justice), the development of the ability to hypothesize, predict and introduce theories and so on. We are all endowed with a sense of wonder. The world around us in inexplicable, baffling in its diversity and myriad forms. We experience an urge to organize it, to "explain the wonder away", to order it in order to know what to expect next (predict). These are the essentials of survival. But while we have been successful at imposing our mind's structures on the outside world - we have been much less successful when we tried to cope with our internal universe. The relationship between the structure and functioning of our (ephemeral) mind, the structure and modes of operation of our (physical) brain and the structure and conduct of the outside world have been the matter of heated debate for millennia. Broadly speaking, there were (and still are) two ways of treating it: There were those who, for all practical purposes, identified the origin (brain) with its product (mind). Some of them postulated the existence of a lattice of preconceived, born categorical knowledge about the universe - the vessels into which we pour our experience and which mold it. Others have regarded the mind as a black box. While it was possible in principle to know its input and output, it was impossible, again in principle, to understand its internal functioning and management of information. Pavlov coined the word "conditioning", Watson adopted it and invented "behaviorism", Skinner came up with "reinforcement". But all ignored the psychophysical question: what IS the mind and HOW is it linked to the brain? The other camp was more "scientific" and "positivist". It speculated that the mind (whether a physical entity, an epiphenomenon, a non-physical principle of organization, or the result of introspection) - had a structure and a limited set of functions. They argued that a "user's manua... ... inaccessible, recesses of his mind. He feels that he is being reintegrated, that "things fall into place". In psychodynamic terms, the energy is released to do productive and positive work, rather than to induce distorted and destructive forces. c. The Purgatory Principle - In most cases, the client feels sinful, debased, inhuman, decrepit, corrupting, guilty, punishable, hateful, alienated, strange, mocked and so on. The plot offers him absolution. Like the highly symbolic figure of the Saviour before him - the client's sufferings expurgate, cleanse, absolve, and atone for his sins and handicaps. A feeling of hard won achievement accompanies a successful plot. The client sheds layers of functional, adaptive clothing. This is inordinately painful. The client feels dangerously naked, precariously exposed. He then assimilates the plot offered to him, thus enjoying the benefits emanating from the previous two principles and only then does he develop new mechanisms of coping. Therapy is a mental crucifixion and resurrection and atonement for the sins. It is highly religious with the plot in the role of the scriptures from which solace and consolation can be always gleaned.